A bunion or hallux valgus, is a change to the bone structure at the base of the big toe. It is an enlargement of the joint and a change in direction of where the big toe “points” towards the second toe. This change in direction leads to an increase in the size of the joint, and often the formation of an overlying bursa which may appear red and swollen. A bursa is a fluid filled sack that lies under the skin but over the joint, it is the body’s way of protecting the joint.